Mount
Papandayan is a volcano stratovolcano located in Garut, West Java,
precisely in the District Cisurupan. Mountains with an altitude of 2665
meters above sea level it is located about 70 km southeast of Bandung.
At the volcano, there are some famous crater. Among crater Mas, New
Crater, Nangklak crater, and the crater of Manuk. Craters are steaming
from the inside.
Topography in the area of steep, hilly and
mountainous, and there are steep cliffs. According to Schmidt and
Ferguson kalisifikasi including climate type B, with an average rainfall
of 3,000 mm / yr, humidity 70-80% and temperature of 10 ยบ C.
Potential
flora in the mountain region is among tree Suagi (Vaccinium valium),
Edelweiss (Anaphalis javanica), Puspa (Schima walichii), saninten
(Castanea argentea), Replace (Quercus platycorpa), Kihujan (Engelhardia
spicata), Jamuju (Podocarpus imbricatus) and Manglid (Magnolia sp).
While the potential of fauna including Wild Boar (Sus vitatus), pangolin
(Manis javanicus), Deer (Indian muntjac), monkey (Trachypitecus
auratus) as well as several species of birds among others Walik (Treron
griccipilla), and Kutilang (Pycononotus aurigaste).
The
appeal of Tourism Some interesting locations and frequently visited by
tourists include: • Crater Papandayan is a complex of volcanoes that are
still active area of 10 hectares. In the complex there is a crater
magma pits large and small, from the holes out fumes / vapor to cause a
wide range of unique sound. • Block cottage Saladah An area of
grassland area of 8 hectares, with an altitude of 2,288 meters above
sea level. In this area Cisaladah flowing rivers where the water flows
throughout the year. This location is very suitable for camping. • Block
Hot Springs Located on the border of Block Cigenah, these hot springs
containing sulfur and berhasiat in healing skin diseases especially
itching. Overall the region has a beautiful natural scenery with the
environment is still relatively intact and supported by the natural
coolness of the air. Nature of activities to do: 1. Enjoy the beauty and
uniqueness of nature 2. Nature trail 3. Camping 4. Photographing 5.
Bathing water containing sulfur, for the treatment of skin diseases.
In
historical records, recorded Papandayan volcano has erupted several
times including on 12 August 1772, March 11, 1923, August 15, 1942, and
11 November 2002. Large eruption that occurred in 1772 destroyed at
least 40 villages and killed about 2957 people. Covered area avalanche
reaches 10 km with a width of 5 km. On March 11, 1923 eruption occurred
at least seven times in the New Crater and preceded by an earthquake
centered in Cisurupan. On January 25, 1924, Mas Crater temperature
increased from 364 degrees Celsius to 500 degrees Celsius. An eruption
of mud and rocks occurred in the crater Mas and New crater and
destroying forests. While the eruption nearly Cisurupan material. On
February 21, 1925, the mud eruption occurred in the crater Nangklak. In
1926 a small eruption occurred in the crater Mas. Since April 2006 the
Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (PVMBG)
determine the status of Papandayan raised to alert, after an increase in
seismic activity. At 7 to 16 April 2008 saw an increase in temperature
in the second crater, the Kawah Mas (245-262 degrees Celsius), and
Balagadama (91-116 degrees Celsius). While the pH level is reduced and
the concentration of minerals increases. On October 28, 2010, the status
of Papandayan increased again to level 2
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